2003年全国硕士研究生英语试题及参考答案

　　Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way-in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.

　　Much can be done. Scientists could“adopt”middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.

　　46.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to

　　A. call on scientists to take some actions.

　　B. criticize the misguided cause of animal rights.

　　C. warn of the doom of biomedical research.

　　D. show the triumph of the animal rights movement.

　　47.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is

　　A. cruel but natural.

　　B. inhuman and unacceptable.

　　C. inevitable but vicious.

　　D. pointless and wasteful.

　　48.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's

　　A. discontent with animal research.

　　B. ignorance about medical science.

　　C. indifference to epidemics.

　　D. anxiety about animal rights.

　　49.The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should

　　A. communicate more with the public.

　　B. employ hi-tech means in research.

　　C. feel no shame for their cause.

　　D. strive to develop new cures.

　　50. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is

　　A. a well-known humanist.

　　B. a medical practitioner.

　　C. an enthusiast in animal rights.

　　D. a supporter of animal research.

　　答案：46—50　ABBAD

　　Text 3

　　In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, mergingsintossuper systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.